# Incumbent OEMs vs EV Start-ups
The SDV transformation highlights critical differences between **incumbent OEMs** and **disruptors**, as outlined in the table:
Incumbent OEMs, with their legacy systems and processes, focus on **cost optimization** and milestone-driven innovation. Their structures are often **siloed**, with slower, hierarchical decision-making. In contrast, disruptors embrace **value-driven innovation**, operate with **cross-functional teams**, and adopt agile, decentralized processes. Disruptors prioritize continuous feedback, shorter release cycles, and automated testing while unifying their CI/CD pipelines for consistency.
#### Closing: Learning from Disruptors
For incumbents to remain competitive in the SDV era, they must adopt key principles from disruptors, including agile decision-making, continuous feedback, and unified DevOps practices. At the same time, they must leverage their ability to **scale globally** and deliver products at the **highest quality**. Successfully merging these strengths will enable incumbents to innovate rapidly while maintaining the reliability and scale that have been their core competencies.
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